At present, the main function of the digital TV smart card is to be used for secure storage, decryption authorization and access rights, and to authorize the set-top box. In the future application field of digital TV, the smart card can also be programmed to play the function of the electronic wallet for online shopping. And other business services such as instant payment.
When it comes to smart cards, people first think of credit cards, because standard smart cards look like credit cards, and people can see simple read-only information through magnetic strips on credit cards. But smart cards are much more complicated than credit cards. A smart card is a computing chip with data storage and computing functions. It is embedded in a business card-sized plastic card. It can be accessed through a device called a "card reader". The data.
The digital TV smart card is to be used with a digital TV set-top box. The set-top box is equivalent to a card reader and can work like a computer. Since the digital TV smart card has a built-in processor and an interface to communicate with the digital TV set-top box, it also contains some integrated memory that allows the operator to download data and applications to the smart card. Therefore, digital TV smart cards are required to have a high degree of security to ensure that unauthorized users cannot access the services of various business items of the digital television system.
From the perspective of the development of digital TV in China, in 1995 the country launched the special science and technology project of digital TV. In 1998, China’s first set of international high-definition television terrestrial broadcasting system was successfully developed. In 1999, the 50th anniversary of Tiananmen celebration was completed. HDTV live broadcast test. Since 2000, the state has set up special projects for digital TV R&D and industrialization. In November 2001, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television approved the piloting of commercial trials of cable digital TV in 13 cities across the country; in 2003, cities such as Shanghai began commercial trials of urban mobile wireless digital TV; in 2004, Qingdao, Foshan, Hangzhou and other places were launched. Wired "overall panning" mode.
Cable TV has presented a development bottleneck of 20,000 households in many cities for quite some time. why? There are several reasons why induction can be summarized:
(1) It is related to technical standards. Digital TV does involve a lot of standards. The common concern in China is probably the standard for terrestrial transmission.
(2) Related to cost. The cost of various digital infrastructure investments is high and cannot be recovered through the market in the short term.
(3) Content factors of the program. The novelty and richness of the content are not large enough, and the people are already satisfied with the quality and service provided by the existing cable TV. If there is not enough publicity and attraction, let the people spend a lot of money to buy digital TV. There will be an acceptance process at the beginning.
(4) The business model is not clear. For example, in what way is the fee charged? How much is charged?
(5) Business aspects. The delivery of set-top boxes by operators, especially network operators, is actually a very big constraint on the development of our digital TV industry today.
The overall translation mode is not in China. In fact, many countries basically have the meaning of government promotion. But what is the problem with the overall translation? According to the current translation mode, the investment risk is very large, because the operators, especially the network operators, go to the whole set and send the set-top boxes. The investment pressure is very high and the investment recovery period is very long. To move quickly, the translator must also withstand the pressure of the arduous engineering schedule, and the difficulty is indeed great. The vast number of consumers have no choice but to arrange everything, including fees, which means no autonomy.
Separation of the machine card can not solve this problem, and it is not necessarily, but also through the practice behind. Since 2002, the Ministry of Information Industry has proposed the separation of machine cards to the present, and basically determined to implement them as an industrial technology policy. But in summary, the separation of the card is first to solve the bottleneck of scale production for the set-top box manufacturer, the set-top box can be produced on a large scale, and the operator does not need to customize the set-top box. The second brings benefits to the set-top box users, and the separation of the card can reduce the cost of the digital TV, and ultimately the user benefits. It will also reduce the burden on operators. Set-top boxes can be sold at the mall level, and operators do not have to bear this burden. Finally, the implementation of machine card separation is conducive to enhancing the competitiveness of domestic CA enterprises and security product manufacturing enterprises, creating opportunities for domestic CA card chip companies.
The scheme for separating the universal smart card machine card introduced by me, that is, the small card solution, divides the functions related to the CA into two parts: "general module" and "private module". The "general module" refers to the standard that can be standardized through the SCAI interface. In part, the set-top box is implemented by the method of "machine card separation CA plug-in", that is, partial separation. Compared with the whole separation, the complete separation of CA is realized from the implemented functions. The main difference with the big card is that the part of the descrambler is kept in the set top box.
"Private Module" refers to the private part of CA's proprietary ECM/EMM encryption and decryption processing and smart card management software. It uses CA's own developed programs, all implemented by smart cards. The SCAI interface provides a negotiable public safety channel to ensure adequate security for card separation.
The small card method completely inherits the hardware resources of the existing set top box, and does not need to increase any hardware configuration in the existing set top box. The standardization of all application data protocols on the 7816 interface is the main content of our work. We have not made any changes to the front end of the CA and the hardware of the set-top box. There is no need to make any changes to the current CA system, nor is it necessary to create a new CA. We will move into a CA plug-in that completes the SCAI interface function of the set-top box in the set-top box. Plugins are developed in accordance with standard software modules. Also in the smart card end to develop a smart card interface in accordance with the SCAI standard, the private program of the smart card is still the original program of CA. So for CA, there is just one more smart card that supports the SCAI interface standard.
There are several key technologies to break through: First, set-top boxes are general-purpose products after machine card separation, and we hope they can be retailed in stores.
We provide a machine card authentication function, that is, after the user purchases the set-top box, the service provider supported by the operator completes the network access authentication of the set-top box, ensuring that once the user buys the smart card, the security authentication function can be completed by inserting it.
We need to provide a negotiated technology for establishing a public safety channel, which is how to meet such a security requirement for the set-top box to be used before and during production.
The ISO/IEC7816-3 communication process is encapsulated to handle the separation and combination of data.
For CA message filtering technology, we need to obtain the filtering conditions through the smart card.
Standardized work
Related specifications for the SCAI interface. In fact, many receivers, set-top box developers, we only need one file, and even our software is developed, very cheap to provide you, you can transplant this software to any set-top box you have developed. on. This does not need to be certified by CA, only need to be recognized by the Small Card Alliance.
The small card is actually not very demanding on the smart card, and the smart card chip used now can basically meet its requirements. From the in-depth analysis of the principle, there is little difference in the performance of smart cards that are separated from the card and the smart cards that are not separated. From the small card, it was completely developed first in China. However, from the standard point of view, it is not the first one. As long as the European DAVIC standard defines two standards, CA0, corresponding to the big card, CA1, corresponds to the small card. Only in the market, there is no such product as CA1. This solution only needs to use a cheap smart card as a security module, and only requires the CA manufacturer to develop a smart card product with a separate card according to the interface standard. Moreover, this technology does not stipulate any specific implementation method of the smart card. This smart card is developed by CA, which guarantees the independence and unique things of the CA manufacturer.
Our conclusion is that the cost of smart card machine separation is very low, which is most beneficial to the overall translation. In fact, the overall panning of the set-top box can be as low as 200 yuan, and there is no problem in meeting the basic functions. But how much is the CA card appropriate? The smart card can be less than 30 yuan, and this is the user cost of all CAs.
Conclusion
The universal smart card machine card separation solution has the lowest cost. The user cost of receiving the entire condition is less than 30 yuan. If you let the user buy this card, then the cost is 30 yuan. If the operator sends the user, the user mainly pays the monthly subscription fee or the paid channel subscription fee, and the cost of the operator is 30 yuan. It is a reasonable and most cost-effective way to send the card.
The smart card machine card separation provides the best solution for the overall translation of digital TV. Set-top boxes become universal products that can be retailed in stores, and operators don't have to carry heavy burdens! The CA card becomes a user-selectable product, and users are free to purchase the service content they need! Receivers can be diversified to meet the diversity of value-added services and are no longer restricted by CA.
From the perspective of the mobile communication market, it is because China has adopted a mechanism for separation of machine cards that it has developed faster than the United States. However, CA in mobile communications has not played a very decisive role in the mobile communications industry. Why can't digital TV be?
Imagine that every unit of the industry chain can develop its own words through reasonable economic benefits, that is, every family has money to make, this digital TV industry is a sunrise industry. On the other hand, if all the money is earned by a company, then the industry will get worse and worse.
The separation of the machine card will greatly promote the localization of the digital TV industry, greatly liberate the productivity of the receiver, provide opportunities for the manufacture of domestic smart card chips, and greatly enhance the competitiveness of domestic CA.
From the perspective of the relationship of the industry chain, the digital TV industry chain with separate machine cards is more clear. CA may reduce the benefits due to the adoption of the small card solution, and the reduction is mainly on the income of the set-top box. However, CA can monopolize For CA systems, user management and smart card products that you are good at, domestic CA companies can also grow their own CA by mastering the card separation technology. Compared with set-top box manufacturers, CA's profit in digital TV is still very good. Moreover, we believe that CA is mainly to provide operators with support and means of charging, then CA can in fact provide a share of service fees with pay TV operators by providing CAS and SMS operation support platform technology, rather than mainly through equipment. This piece comes to income.
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