Foreword
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How can we make the car's cab more capable, giving the engine more power, while still meeting the government's requirements for distance per gallon? Only by using a new generation of low on-resistance power MOSFETs to transform the traditional power system and hydraulic system in the car into electronic systems, these MOSFETs can not only improve the comfort and safety of the car, but also increase the driving distance of the fuel.
The engine not only has to drive the car on the road, but also to power the entire car system. Nowadays, people are increasingly demanding the entertainment, comfort and safety of cars. Through in-depth analysis, it is found that for an ordinary car, the energy produced per gallon of gasoline is ultimately used in less than 15% of the wheels, and most of the energy is wasted. According to US law, buses must travel an average of 27.5 miles per gallon, while cars that account for more than half of new car sales, such as SUVs, minibuses, and light trucks, require a new standard of 22.2 miles per gallon in 2007.
Automakers are demanding a more efficient and functional car, and its cost is within acceptable limits. In order to do this, many systems have made great improvements, for example, to improve the fuel combustion efficiency of the engine, to change the hydraulic system into an electronic system (this can reduce the energy consumption of the engine in many ways). Almost every system has received attention in reducing energy waste.
Power system and cooling fan
In power generation, the traditional method of generating DC power in a car is to use an alternator and a pulley on the shaft of the generator, which is driven by the crankshaft. The alternating current generated by the alternator is converted to direct current by a diode three-phase rectifier bridge. At rated current, the diode typically has a voltage drop of about 1V. If the car uses 1kW (about 70A) of power, then the diode consumes about 140W. According to the efficiency of 80%, the engine needs to provide 175W more power to offset the effect of the diode rectifier bridge. These powers are converted into heat and dissipated. . By replacing the diode with a MOSFET, the power loss is reduced to less than 2W, and the saved energy can be used to increase the unit fuel travel distance by 1% to 3%, and can also be used to drive other systems.
The engine's cooling fan can be changed from a traditional engine crankshaft to an electronic fan. The electronic fan only runs when necessary and can be controlled with only one MOSFET, saving at least 100W.
Starter motor
Imagine that when you turn the key to start the car, starting the motor will drive the engine to start the car. The alternator then charges the battery to supply power to the entire electrical system. At other times, the starter motor does not have any effect, but rather a burden.
The basic design of the engine and the motor is the same, and their main difference is the flow of electrical energy. At present, the starter motor uses a DC motor, which can easily convert a DC power source (such as a battery) into an AC power source by using a power MOSFET inverter bridge circuit, and use it to drive the AC motor as a starter motor to rotate. Once the engine is running, the AC power can be converted to DC power using the rectified state of the power MOSFET inverter bridge circuit to power the electrical system. All of this can be achieved with an alternator starter and a power MOSFET inverter bridge circuit. This power MOSFET inverter bridge loses less than 10W when driving a 3kW load.
Power steering system
Power steering system is a good idea for system transformation. Conventional power steering systems use an amplifying method to reduce the force required to turn the steering wheel. This method uses a hydraulic power steering pump to achieve the goal. The use of a power steering system with a fixed magnification has a major drawback. If the system is designed to reduce the power required to turn the steering wheel while the vehicle is stationary, the steering wheel will appear loose at high speeds. A conventional system has a liquid pump that is mechanically connected to the engine. During operation, it consumes energy even if the car is in a straight line.
A fully electronic power steering (EPS) system can be used to remove the fixed load applied to the engine. In electronic steering systems, the motor is mounted directly on the rack and pinion steering components, such as in a car, directly on the steering column. These motors are controlled with high efficiency by a small power MOSFET with RDS(ON). These systems draw less power from the engine, but provide more energy and fuel efficiency. In addition to lower energy consumption at work, these systems are less expensive than traditional hydraulic power steering systems. A complete EPS system is lighter than a traditional system, which also helps improve fuel efficiency.
Transmission system
In the transmission process, the conventional automatic transmission using the torque converter will increase the fuel consumption by 5% to 10% compared with the manual transmission. Now, instead of using the advanced power semiconductor technology to drive the electro-hydraulic system, the torque converter is eliminated and the energy loss is reduced. However, such liquid pumps and all the weight associated with the hydraulic system are still there. Automated manual transmissions increase fuel efficiency when clutches and transmissions controlled by advanced channel power MOSFETs are fixed into the manual transmission. The technology was originally developed for the Formula 1 car, which is like a traditional automatic car. The driver does not need to shift gears, reducing fuel consumption by 5% to 10%.
Braking System
We have already discussed the electro-hydraulic brake system, which has now replaced the original auxiliary vacuum brake with an electric motor controlled by an advanced power semiconductor such as a slot MOSFET. However, where the electric brake is fixed to the fixed caliper or brake drum, the electric brake can be installed. The electric brakes provide stable control, braking each wheel and correcting any tendency to rotate. Our existing ABS system uses a power MOSFET. If the computer on the car detects a car out of control, the system will issue a pulse-triggered brake action.
in conclusion
Taking into account the above energy-saving schemes, the application of automotive electronic systems can not only significantly improve the efficiency of the automobile engine, reduce fuel consumption, but also improve the performance of the vehicle and further reduce costs.
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