When it comes to Dolby, most people think of quality audio. But Dolby people know that our mission is quality entertainment and communication, including sound and images. Recently, we have been thinking about the image elements in this question, and then we will share our thoughts with you.
All of our work at Dolby is based on an understanding of human sensory science. In the field of imaging, we start with human vision. What is to be explained at the outset is that human vision is just as magical.
You may remember the little things you learned in biology classes long ago: the human eye is made up of millions of rods and cones, both of which can detect light and send signals to the brain through the optic nerve. About 30% of the brain is used to interpret these signals and turn them into visual perception.
When we look at the world, we think of objects and colors. But vision is actually related to light. Our eyes will not detect the car; only the light reflected by the car will be detected. Why is the car blue? Because it reflects light with a wavelength of blue light, it absorbs light of other wavelengths.
Our eyes are able to adapt smoothly to a variety of dramatic light intensities. From the bright sunlight into the dark, dimly lit room, our eyes can adapt to this change in a matter of seconds.
But that doesn't mean we can have the same level of vision in any lighting condition. Wake up in the dimly lit bedroom in the morning, you can only see the shape of the objects on the floor, but can't tell the color of them. Open the closet, and with a single low-power bulb on the top of the cabinet, it's hard to distinguish between the two green and brown sweaters. However, taking them to the sun, you can not only see their subtle color differences, but also identify the details on the texture.
However, as we all know, our vision has an upper limit. If the daylight is too strong, all objects will fade in the glare of the ocean.
Super TV
What Dolby wants to know is what kind of light intensity is best for displays like TV. To this end, we created a super expensive, super powerful liquid-cooled TV that can display incredibly bright images. We let the audience watch this super TV and ask what kind of brightness they like.
Here's our discovery: 90% of the viewers surveyed want TV brightness to reach 20,000 nits. (Nit is a unit of brightness measurement. For example, a 100-watt incandescent bulb has a brightness of about 18,000 nits.)
You might think, "Wow, I don't want to watch such a bright TV. Looking directly at a 100-watt bulb can burn my eyes!" If the TV shows a full-screen white screen, then your idea is completely correct, that brightness It will be uncomfortable.
But the actual TV image, like the scene in the real world, contains a combination of light and darkness. In the real world, only a few scenes are very bright, and we can look directly at them without any effort. In fact, one of the secrets of creating a real TV picture is to reproduce the combination of light and darkness in the real world.
The audience wants the brightness to reach 20,000 nits, so first guess the current industry standard for TV picture brightness. (Guess, let's wait.)
If you guess the brightness is over 100 nits, then you are wrong. That's right - most viewers want the TV screen to be 200 times brighter than the current industry standard.
Is this difference really important? It is really important. Today's TVs don't fully meet the depth and detail needed to sharpen the picture. Traditional TV cannot reproduce all the colors of the real world. This is the best example of the old saying - "Before you see it, you don't know what you missed." Once you've experienced a brighter display, you never want to return to a traditional display.
Contrast effect
However, brightness is only one of the protagonists of the story. Contrast (the difference between bright and dark) also plays a very important role. The human eye has an incredible ability to perceive contrast. Even if the whitest area in the picture is 10,000 times brighter than the darkest area (this ratio is called contrast), most people can still feel the two areas at the same time without difficulty.
But that doesn't mean that all displays require a 10,000:1 contrast ratio. As mentioned above, your eyes will adapt to changes in brightness when moving from a lighter position to a darker place. This ability to adapt can also work even when the eyes are moving on the same picture. This means you can perceive 10,000:1 contrast in bright areas and 10,000:1 contrast in darker areas of the same picture. Combining all of these contrasts creates a high-quality display that produces a contrast ratio of 100,000:1 or higher.
If you just increase the TV brightness without increasing the contrast, you will get a dark and pale picture. If you increase both at the same time, magical things will appear: the TV picture is like the real world. It's as exciting as the scenery you see from the window. With knowledge of light and display, what are we doing at Dolby? We are developing a technology that will change the television world. We will be releasing more details soon, so -- as the TV says, stay tuned.
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