The development of ESP systems relies on breakthroughs in the following key technologies. Therefore, researchers should make more efforts in the following aspects, and strive to research and develop a more complete and optimized ESP system.
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1. Improvement of sensing technology
The sensors used in the ESP system include a vehicle yaw rate sensor, a lateral acceleration sensor, a steering wheel angle sensor, a wheel speed sensor, etc., which are indispensable components in the ESP. Increasing their reliability and reducing costs has always been the goal of developers in this area. With the advent of low-cost Micro-Machined acceleration and yaw rate sensors, certain conditions have been created for the widespread use of this technology.
2.Structural design of small size, light weight and low cost hydraulic system
In this respect, the structure adopted by BOSCH in the ESP system is representative. The hydraulic actuation system consists of a pre-pressurized pump PCP.
(Precharge Pump) + Pressure Generator Assembly (Pressure Generator Assembly) + Hydraulic Unit HU5.0.
3.ESP hardware and software design
Since the ESP ECU needs to estimate the state variables of the vehicle operation and calculate the corresponding motion control amount, the calculation processing power and
The program capacity is several times larger than that of the ABS system, and the CPU structure is generally used. The research of ECU software calculation is the most important research. The modern control theory based on model has been difficult to adapt to the control of a complex system such as ESP. It is necessary to find a robust control algorithm with strong robustness.
4. Improve control functions through CAN
The ESP's ECU (Electronic Control Unit) is interconnected with the engine and driveline ECU via CAN, enabling it to better control functions. For example, an automatic transmission transmits information such as the current mechanical transmission ratio, the torque converter torque ratio, and the gear position to the ESP to estimate the driving force on the drive wheels. When the ESP recognizes that it is on a low adhesion coefficient road surface, it will prohibit the driver from hanging down. When starting on this type of road, the ESP will inform the drive train ECU that it should be hung in 2nd gear, which will significantly improve the starting comfort of the high-powered car.
At present, more and more models in foreign countries, especially in Europe, have adopted ESP system as their standard configuration, and some medium and high-end models in China have gradually adopted it as a standard configuration. According to reports, in 2004 China's new car ESP system equipment rate was 3%, Europe's new car equipment rate was 35%. In 2005, the ESP equipment rate for new cars in Europe reached 40%, and China reached 4%. ESP is spreading to general commercial vehicles and heavy trucks, and many commercial vehicle manufacturers and heavy truck manufacturers are launching models with ESP systems. Now is the climax of the European and American automotive industry to promote the application of ESP systems, and the country is also in the process of rapid promotion.
It is foreseeable that ESP automotive safety products will soon become the standard preparation for a variety of medium and high-end cars and other models. Mastering the ESP technology, they will have the initiative to compete for future automotive safety technologies.
Currently, there are six major auto parts manufacturers in the world producing ESP. They are Bosch in Germany, Denso in Japan, Teves in Germany, Delphi in the United States, Aisin Seiko in Japan and TRW in the United States.
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