Unmanned driving and intelligent brake driving in science fiction films have become a visual point for technology and innovation. From the sports cars of Batman and Dark Knight, the various car dealers of the armor, from the beginning of the two sessions, Li Shufu "accelerated the autopilot legislation. "Baidu CEO Li Yanhong on the "accelerated custom unmanned driving laws and regulations" program, etc.... Unmanned driving has penetrated into the epitome of the future society, becoming the focus of the automotive fashion circle. The domestic major driverless standard design and smart device manufacturing manufacturers have also made a lot of investment and layout. The footage that appears only in science fiction movies may really appear in our daily life in the near future, but the problem Yes, is driverless (self-driving) really going to happen as scheduled?
Japan and the EU countries are developing a unified technical standard for autonomous vehicles, which is expected to be implemented in 2018;
The establishment of China National Smart Connected Vehicle Pilot Demonstration Zone and the Technical Roadmap for Intelligent Networked Vehicle Development have been completed;
Google’s driverless car, which has traveled more than 2 million miles, is currently negotiating with major automakers and is pushing to market within five years;
Changan Automobile completed the 2000km actual road test from Chongqing to Beijing and became the first automobile company in China to realize long-distance driverless driving; mass production is expected in 2018.
BMW, Intel and mobileeye collaborate to develop autonomous driving, and in 2021, the production car was launched.
Before entering the topic, here are two concepts: driverless and autonomous. Unmanned driving means that the car is completely handed over to the machine, also known as autonomous driving. The machine that determines the driving behavior is the machine. Now the main representative is Google's driverless car. Auto-driving means that people can drive, machines can also, but people who decide to drive are mainly Tesla, Mercedes-Benz, Audi and Volvo. The most obvious difference between the two is the difference in the subject of driving perception. (The following is not specified, they are all based on automatic driving.)
If unmanned driving (or self-driving) is to be mass-produced and commercialized, people must at least solve the following problems:
First, the fundamental of driving: safety
According to the World Health Organization data in 2015, about 1.25 million people worldwide die from traffic accidents every year, and China has more than 300,000 people each year, accounting for one-fourth of the world's traffic accident deaths, ranking first in the world. Therefore, reducing traffic accidents has become an important issue in the development of automobiles. Tracing back to the cause of the traffic accident, related research shows that 95% of traffic accidents are related to people's wrong driving behavior, and a report issued by well-known consulting firm McKinsey emphasizes that the full popularity of autonomous vehicles can reduce traffic accidents by 90%. Thousands of damages and medical expenses can be reduced each year to save thousands of lives. This is the original intention of our development of autonomous driving. If autonomous driving loses its original intention and starting point, then it loses the necessity of development.
In February of this year, Google drones collided with a bus in California, but fortunately the speed was very slow, no casualties; and in late May, late June, early July and the most recent July 9 Tesla occurred one after another. Four car accidents caused by autonomous driving, the public's doubts about autonomous driving are also rising, so if the safety problem can not be solved well, then autonomous driving is an empty talk. So where is the safe driving rib of autonomous driving?
1. Image recognition system. Whether it is the combination of autonomous driving sensor and camera or laser radar for unmanned driving, it involves a vehicle's recognition of the driving environment. In recent accidents, most of the image recognition system has failed. Words, complex road conditions, strong illumination, or the inability to recognize object models in particular can cause errors and errors in image recognition systems, leading to incorrect driving behavior and accidents. Therefore, it is especially important for the image recognition system to optimize both the hardware and the system algorithm.
2. The level of artificial intelligence in driving the brain. After the identification of complex road conditions, it is necessary to make decisions and issue specific driving behavior instructions. This is now carried out by people. To autopilot, it is driving the brain. For the current driving brain, it is impossible to tell the truth. To the point of ensuring security, the image recognition system delivers a huge amount of information, useful or useless, with a focus on the handling of ethics, such as how to choose between pedestrians and passengers in an emergency. This is a problem for people, let alone a machine? So there is still a lot of deep learning and experimentation in this area. The good news in this regard is that artificial intelligence has made great progress now, Google Alpha Dog and Li Shishi's world man-machine battle, the ultimate Alpha dog won, and the latest news is that Alpha Dog will participate in the relevant management of Google data center to optimize the energy consumption of servers and refrigeration equipment.
Second, supporting technology and regulations and policies: propeller
Autopilot is not only a simple driving system, it is also a technology to transform the entire traffic road system, so automatic driving has to enter our daily travel, it needs all aspects of supporting technology and regulations.
1. The concept of people. Recently, Bosch, a global automotive technology and service provider, conducted a market research on driver assistance systems and autonomous driving for users, although 75% of Chinese respondents believe that autonomous driving will be the driving style of the future, while in Europe and the United States. More than 50% of respondents are skeptical about whether autonomous driving is the driving style of the future. Therefore, in order to be truly applied in the future, it is necessary for people to change their existing concepts and accept autonomous driving.
2. Policies and regulations. In terms of policies and regulations, it is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, the unification and formulation of the specific technical indicators of the automatic driving standards. Now we are doing this part, but this is only the beginning of a new technology application. More important is the impact of autonomous driving on the order and ethical rules of current traffic, especially in the determination of accidents caused by autonomous driving. Should the manufacturer be responsible or the passenger (or driver) responsible? The self-driving vehicle and the natural person driving the vehicle Whether the traffic order can be organically integrated is an issue that we need to solve on the rule side.
3. IoT technology. In the future, the Internet of Vehicles will become the most promising market for IoT technology. Vehicles will collect their own environmental and state information through GPS, RFID, sensors and other devices. Then, through the Internet technology, they will take their own location, speed and route. The information transmission is concentrated to the central processor, thus forming a huge interactive network information platform. With the Internet of Vehicles, cars can connect mobile phones, entertainment, information, personal content, social media, work and health sports, and plan the best routes and provide personalized services. Automated driving is inevitably dependent on the development and improvement of this technology, which is the conduit for information on autonomous driving systems and the in-depth learning school, but based on interoperability, manageability, security and reliability between devices, IoT technology Still in the nascent stage of development, there is still a long way to go.
There is still a long way to go to the road to the future, whether technical or ethical, but autonomous driving is undoubtedly the most important sign and attribute of the future car.
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